Tribute Vs. Stereotype

This article is about what makes a Native American mascot a tribute or stereotype. the article focuses on the way a mascot portrays Indians, and how this determines weather or not a mascot is a tribute or stereotype.

http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/science-small-talk/201205/the-native-american-mascot-tribute-or-stereotype

 

 

Native American Response to Mascots

Native Americans have responded differently to different mascots Portraying Indians. the main reasons they respond differently to different mascots is because of how the mascots are portrayed. Native Americans are ok with mascots if they are an accurate and non-offensive representation of indians and their culture/heritage.

http://www.racismagainstindians.org/UnderstandingMascots.htm  

Washington Redskins

The Washington Redskins are one of many professional teams that use an indian as their mascot, and a racially insensitive depiction of an indian as their logo. The Redskins adopted their Indian mascot and symbol in 1933 when the owner of the team decided to change the team name. The controversy surrounding the name began as soon as the name was changed. Native Americans would enter the games carrying redskin potatoes suggesting that the mascot be changed to a potato. The team did not feel that this was logical, and decided to keep the name and mascot. When the team wanted to relocate in 1990 city officials stated that if they wanted any financial assistance the team must change its name. Two years later when the team made it to the Super Bowl in 1992 over 2000 Native Americans protested the Indian mascot. After the Superbowl there was an unsuccessful lawsuit brought against the team from representatives of the Indian nation. The team continues to use their Native American mascot, name, and logo. Image

The Cleveland Indians

Zimmerman , Jonathan . “The Cleveland Indians’ Mascot must Go .” Christian Science Monitor . n.d. n. page. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. <http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/1015/p09s01-coop.html&gt;.

200px-Cleveland_Indians_logo.svg

Chief Wahoo has been the longtime mascot for the Cleveland Indians. The Image began appearing on the teams uniforms in 1928, and continues to appear on both the teams home and road uniforms.  When the team made the World Series in 1997 there were many protests against the use of the indian mascot, and these protests continued to the start of the 1998 season. There have been numerous protests and demonstrations denouncing the use of the indian mascot, but the team has not done anything in response.

This is more of a scholarly source because it is more indepth and aimed at a more informed audience. This example will prove to be useful because nothing has been done about the mascot unlike many other examples.

MIami Redskins

Seitz, Adam. “Miami Redskins Timeline.” Miami Student . (2010): n. page. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. <http://www.miamistudent.net/news/campus/miami-redskins-timeline-1.1786165

Before Miami University was established the Miami tribe on indians had inhabited a large area in Ohio and Indiana. In 1928 Miami adopted the name Redskins for their mascot and symbol. this name was used to represent the indians that had previously lived in the area surrounding the University. In the early days of the mascot the administration and the student body made efforts to accurately and respectfully represent Native Americans, but over time these efforts failed and there were many negative images and symbols associated with the mascot. Throughout the life of the mascot the Miami tribe of indians had accepted the mascot, but in the early 1990s the tribe took issue with the mascot. This led to the university abandoning the mascot and the name Redskins, and opting for RedHawks instead.

Like my last source this article is a perfect example of how native americans were portrayed negatively by mascots. It is aimed at students that want to know more about the history of the Miami mascot. i can use this in my paper because it is similar to many other mascots, but a little closer to home considering it is our own mascot.

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Chief Illiniwek

“Chief Illiniwek.” Fightingillini.com. n.d. n. page. Print. <http://www.fightingillini.com/trads/ill-trads-thechief.html&gt;.

In 1926 the University of Illinois decided that they would have a student perform a traditional Indian dance wearing a homemade costume during the halftime of their football game against Penn State. The performance was widely popular and because of this the “Chief” would continue to preform during halftime of sporting events for the Fighting Illini.

chief-illiniwek

Chief Illiniwek

As the tradition grew different students took over the role of the Chief, and eventually the university acquired a authentic indian costume and made Chief Illiniwek the official university mascot. in the 1970s controversy arose over the mascot and how it portrayed the Native American people. There was a growing number of people, both white and native american, that believed the Chief was an inaccurate and offensive portrayal of Native Americans. In response to the growing controversy the University of Illinois abolished Chief Illiniwek as the university mascot in 2007, and no longer allowed the dances to continue during games.

Although this piece is very well written it is not a scholarly source because it is aimed at a fan that wants to know more, and it is only meant to be a general background on the issue. It is not an indpth look at the issue and the mascot. This is a great example of a negative portrayal of native americans in mascots, and i can use this example in my paper.

Native American Mascots In Sports

For my research paper i will be looking at the use of Native American mascots in sports. There are many high school, college, and professional teams that currently have or at one time had a Native American themed mascot. Some of these mascots portrayed Native Americans in a negative way while others celebrate their history and tradition. I will look at what teams have had derogatory mascots in the past and what teams still do and compare them to teams that have mascots that celebrate Native Americans.